Showing posts with label Joseph Ruttenberg. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Joseph Ruttenberg. Show all posts

Best Cinematography, 1942

Awards presented March 4, 1943

The nominees were ... 

(Black-and-White) 

(Color) 
And the Oscar went to ... 
(Black-and-White) 

The Academy was smitten with Mrs. Miniver, and although Ruttenberg's cinematography for it strikes no one today as exceptionally innovative, the Oscar took its place among what would eventually be four, all of them won during his long tenure at MGM. 

(Color) 

Leon Shamroy
 A fairly routine swashbuckler from a novel by Rafael Sabatini, who was kind of a master in the genre. Tyrone Power and Maureen O'Hara star -- O'Hara in particular was a favorite of color cinematographers because of her bright red hair. This was the first of Shamroy's four wins -- a record tied only by his fellow 1942 cinematography winner, Joseph Ruttenberg. He also has the tie for most nominations -- eighteen -- with Charles B. Lang. A graduate of Columbia in mechanical engineering, Shamroy came west in 1920 and became a technician in the laboratory at Fox. He began experimenting with making movies, and in 1932 signed with Paramount. He moved to 20th Century-Fox in 1938 and spent the remainder of his career there, pioneering the studio's use of color and later its development of the wide-screen process Cinemascope.
Maureen O'Hara and Tyrone Power in The Black Swan 
... when it should have gone to ... 
(Black-and-White) 

Orson Welles and Stanley Cortez
Stanley Cortez was called Stanislaus Krantz when he was born in New York City, but in Hollywood he changed his name after his actor brother, Jacob Krantz, became a "Latin lover" movie star as Ricardo Cortez. He began as a set designer for still photographers including Edward Steichen, worked as a newsreel cameraman, and served as an assistant to such eminent cinematographers as Karl Struss, Charles Rosher, Lee Garmes, and Arthur Miller before becoming a director of photography on B-pictures at Universal. Ambersons was, in fact, his first major assignment, and he found himself following in the footsteps of Citizen Kane's cinematographer, Gregg Toland. Cortez proved equal to the task, helped along by Orson Welles's newly acquired expertise, especially in Toland's specialty, deep focus. He shared his second Oscar nomination with his mentor Lee Garmes, for Since You Went Away. They were hired after producer David O. Selznick fired the original cinematographer, George Barnes, for not photographing Claudette Colbert to his satisfaction. But Cortez's greatest work as a cinematographer, apart from The Magnificent Ambersons, is probably on The Night of the Hunter, another of those great movies inexplicably ignored by the Academy.  

Cortez's use of light and shadow is essential to the look of The Magnificent Ambersons

Best Cinematography, 1938

Awards presented February 23, 1939

The nominees were ... 

... when they should have been ... 
And the Oscar went to ... 
The Academy was still shying away from color films, so all of its nominees were black-and-white. Which is a pity because two of the most successful Technicolor films to that time were released in 1938: The Adventures of Robin Hood and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. The Academy gave the last of its special awards for color films to Oliver Marsh and Allen Davey for Sweethearts. But the black-and-white nominees were for the most part a visually distinguished lot. The Great Waltz is opulent, but a little dopey, memorable only because of a sequence in which Johann Straus, played by Fernand Gravet, takes a carriage ride, and squeaky wheels, horse's hooves, birdcalls, and hunting horns inspire him to compose "Tales From the Vienna Woods." It also earned Ruttenberg the first of his four Oscars. Otherwise, the movie is notable for its casting mishaps: It attempted but failed to make Gravet (who was known in Europe as Gravey, which was too much like "gravy" for American audiences) into a star on this side of the Atlantic. Likewise, MGM had hopes for Miliza Korjus, a Polish soprano whom Irving Thalberg had signed to a ten-year contract, and publicized with the line "Korjus -- it rhymes with gorgeous." But before she could make a second film, she was seriously injured in an automobile accident and after war broke out in Europe decided to stay in Mexico while recovering. And finally, the film's leading lady was Luise Rainer, who despite her back-to-back Oscars was unhappy with the direction her career was taking at MGM and soon departed from Hollywood. 

Director Julien Duvivier and Joseph Ruttenberg on the crane for The Great Waltz